What node is this attached to and what does the scene tree look like? If the node this script is attached to has a child called "TextureProgress", then all you need to do is add progress = get_node("TextureProgress") before line 5.
Ultimately you just need to add the code before you call the load_scene function or before line 5 in the load_scene function.
Edit: Looking at the picture in the OP, it looks like its attached to the node called BackgroundLoader, which does have a child called Progress. In that case, what you need to do is add progress = get_node("Progress") before line 5 in the load_scene function and that should, fingers crossed, fix the issue where it says you cannot set visible on a null instance.