Topic says all. What does @ and $ ?
@ is new to Godot 4, and indicates an annotation. It's a way of extending GDScript without complicating the base language. https://docs.godotengine.org/en/latest/classes/class_@gdscript.html#annotations
$ is a shortcut for get_node(). For example, $AnimatedSprite is equivalent to get_node("AnimatedSprite"), and returns a reference to the child node that's named "AnimatedSprite".